SDG Country Profiles

Population and migration

Population (mid-year estimates)	112.08	Millions (2019)
Share of population 65 years of age an over	5.3	Percent (2019)
Share of population under 15 years of age	40.34	Percent (2019)
Share of urban population	21.23	Percent (2019)
Life expectancy at birth	63.7	Years (2015)
Population growth	2.81	Percent (2015)
Total fertility rate	4.85	Children per woman (2015)
International migrant stock as percent of total population	1.17	Percent (2017)
Number of refugees and people in refugee-like situations	920,961	(2018)
Number of asylum seekers, including pending cases	2,360	(2018)

National accounts and labour market

GDP in current prices	75,605.01	Millions of US dollars (2017)
GDP per capita	720.34	US dollars (2017)
Labour force participation rate	80.4	Percent (2019)
Share of agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing in total gross value added	36.24	Percent (2017)
Share of industry in total gross value added	24.41	Percent (2017)
Share of services in total gross value added	39.35	Percent (2017)
Tourism expenditure	2,503	Millions of US dollars (2017)
Unemployment rate	5.41	Percent (2019)
GDP real growth rate	11.11	Percent (2017)

Trade and balance of payments

Balance of Payments: Capital account	13.8	Millions of US dollars (2003)
Balance of Payments: Current account	-5,565.91	Millions of US dollars (2017)
Balance of Payments: Financial account	-9,196.19	Millions of US dollars (2017)
Balance of trade	-7,721.9	Millions of US dollars (2018)
Exports FOB	1,394.41	Millions of US dollars (2018)
Imports CIF	9,116.31	Millions of US dollars (2018)
Net energy imports	147	Petajoules (2016)
Share of exports to top export partner	9.83	Percent (2018)
Share of imports to top import partner	31.88	Percent (2018)

Environment

Surface area	1,104.3	km2 (2017)
Land area	100,000	Hectares (2016)
Arable land as percent of total land area	15.12	Percent (2016)
Permanent crops as percent of total land area	1.14	Percent (2016)
Forest cover as percent of total land area	12.54	Percent (2016)

1No Poverty
2Zero Hunger
3Good Health and Well-being
4Quality Education
5Gender Equality
6Clean Water and Sanitation
7Affordable and Clean Energy
8Decent Jobs and Economic Growth
9Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
10Reduced Inequalities
11Sustainable Cities and Communities
12Responsible Consumption and Production
13Climate Action
15Life on Land
16Peace and Justice - Strong Institutions
17Partnerships for the Goals

No Poverty

End poverty in all its forms everywhere

The proportion of the population living below the extreme poverty line declined from 71.0 % in 1995 to 31.0% in 2015.

Proportion of population below the international poverty line (percent)

In 2016, 30.1 % of the country's workers and their families were living on less than 1.90 US dollars per person per day

Proportion of employed population below the international poverty line (percent)

The proportion of population living below the national poverty line declined from 45.5 % in 1995 to 23.5% in 2015.

Proportion of population living below the national poverty line (percent)

The proportion of vulnerable population receiving social assistance cash benefit was 8.0 % in 2016.

0.7

The proportion of employed population covered in the event of work injury was 0.7 % in 2019.

11.6

The proportion of population covered by at least one social protection benefit was 11.6 % in 2016.

15.3

The proportion of population above statutory pensionable age receiving a pension increased from 6.0 % in 2002 to 15.3% in 2016.

The proportion of population using basic drinking water services increased from 18.7 % in 2000 to 41.1% in 2017.

Proportion of population using basic drinking water services (percent)

The proportion of population using basic sanitation services increased from 3.4 % in 2000 to 7.3% in 2017.

Proportion of population using basic sanitation services (percent)

The direct economic loss attributed to disasters relative to GDP was 0 % in 2016.

0.4

million dollars

The direct agriculture loss attributed to disasters was 0.4 million dollars in 2016.

The direct economic loss in the housing sector attributed to disasters was 0.8 million dollars in 2012.

Direct economic loss in the housing sector attributed to disasters (million dollars)

The proportion of total government spending on essential education services increased from 14.9 % in 2000 to 27.1% in 2015.

Proportion of total government spending on essential services, education (percent)

Zero Hunger

End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture

The proportion of the population suffering from hunger was 19.7 % in 2018 .

Prevalence of undernourishment (percent)

The number of undernourished people declined from 32.1 million in 2001 to 21.5 million in 2018.

Number of undernourished people (millions)

The proportion of the adult population suffering from moderate or severe food insecurity was 57.9 % in 2018.

Prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the adult population (percent)

The total population suffering from moderate or severe food insecurity was 63250.0 thousand people in 2018.

Total population in moderate or severe food insecurity (thousands)

The proportion of the adult population suffering from severe food insecurity was 14.1 % in 2018.

Prevalence of severe food insecurity in the adult population (percent)

The total population suffering from severe food insecurity was 15445.4 thousand people in 2018.

Total population in severe food insecurity (thousands)

In 2019, 36.8 % of children under 5 years of age had stunted growth

Proportion of children moderately or severely stunted (percent)

In 2019, there were 6094.4 thousand children moderately or severely stunted .

Children moderately or severely stunted (thousands)

The proportion of children under 5 years of age who where moderately or severely wasted decreased from 12.4 % in 2000 to 7.2% in 2019.

Proportion of children moderately or severely wasted (percent)

In 2019, there were 1192.4 thousand children moderately or severely wasted .

Children moderately or severely wasted (thousands)

The proportion of overweight children under 5 years of age was 2.1 % in 2019.

Proportion of children moderately or severely overweight (percent)

In 2019, there were 347.8 thousand children moderately or severely overweight .

Children moderately or severely overweight (thousand)

local breeds

In 2019, there were 0.0 local breeds with sufficient genetic resources stored for reconstitution.

In 2019, there were 73164.0 plant breeds with sufficient genetic resources stored.

Plant breeds for which sufficient genetic resources are stored (breeds)

The share local breeds classified as being at risk (among those with known level of extinction risk) 0.0 % in 2000 to 50.0% in 2019.

Proportion of local breeds classified as being at risk as a share of local breeds with known level of extinction risk (percent)

The agriculture orientation index for government expenditures increased from 0.1 in 2001 to 0.3 in 2017.

Agriculture orientation index for government expenditures (index)

The share of agriculture value added in total GDP declined from 43.4 % in 2001 to 31.2% in 2018.

Agriculture value added as a proportion of GDP (percent)

The agriculture share of total government expenditure increased from 4.0 % in 2001 to 8.8% in 2017.

Agriculture share of government expenditure (percent)

Agricultural export subsidies increased from 82.9 millions dollas at constant prices of 2018 in 2000 to 406.5 millions dollas at constant prices of 2018 in 2018.

Total official flows (disbursements) received for agriculture (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

0.4

The Consumer Food Price Index was 0.4 in 2017.

Good Health and Well-being

Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages

The maternal mortality ratio decreased from 1030.0 per 100,000 live births in 2000 to 401.0 per 100,000 live births in 2017.

Maternal mortality ratio (deaths per 100,000 live births)

The number of infant deaths fell from 249274.0 in 2000 to 136664.0 in 2018.

Infant deaths (number)

The mortality rate of children under 5 years of age fell from 141.8 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000 to 55.2 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2018.

Under-five mortality rate (deaths per 1,000 live births)

The infant mortality rate fell from 87.8 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000 to 39.1 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2018.

Infant mortality rate (deaths per 1,000 live births)

The number of under-five deaths fell from 396854.0 in 2000 to 191047.0 in 2018.

Under-five deaths (number)

The number of neonatal deaths fell from 140688.0 in 2000 to 99275.0 in 2018.

Neonatal deaths (number)

The neonatal mortality rate fell from 48.5 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000 to 28.1 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2018.

Neonatal mortality rate (deaths per 1,000 live births)

In 2018, there were about 0.2 people in every 100,000 uninfected population that became newly infected with HIV.

Number of new HIV infections per 1,000 uninfected population (new infections per 1,000 uninfected population)

In 2018, the incidence of tuberculosis was 151.0 per 100,000 population .

Tuberculosis incidence (cases per 100,000 population)

In 2018, the incidence of malaria was 31.8 per 1,000 population .

Malaria incidence (cases per 1,000 at-risk population)

2.6

The prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was 2.6 % in 2015.

The number of people requiring interventions against neglected tropical diseases was 77653029.0 in 2018.

People requiring interventions against neglected tropical diseases (number)

The risk of dying between the ages of 30 and 70 from one of four main non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory disease) declined from 21.7 % in 2000 to 18.3% in 2016.

Mortality rate attributed to cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory disease among population 30 to 70 years old (probability)

In 2016, the number of deaths attributed to cardiovascular disease was 109500.0 .

Deaths attributed to cardiovascular disease (number)

The suicide mortality rate fell from 8.0 deaths per 1,000 population in 2000 to 7.2 deaths per 1,000 population in 2016.

Suicide mortality rate (deaths per 100,000 population)

In 2016, the number of deaths attributed to suicide was 7323.0 .

Deaths attributed to suicide (number)

2.5

The 12-month prevalence of alcohol use disorders was 2.5 % in 2016.

Alcohol consumption per captita among population aged 15 years and older increased from 1.8 litres of pure alcohol in 2000 to 2.4 litres of pure alcohol in 2018.

Annual alcohol consumption per capita among population aged 15 years and older (litres of pure alcohol)

The death rate due to road traffic injuries increased from 24.5 deaths per 100,000 population in 2000 to 26.7 deaths per 100,000 population in 2016.

Death rate due to road traffic injuries (deaths per 100,000 population)

The proportion of women of reproductive age who have their need for family planning satisfied with modern methods increased from 15.3 % in 2000 to 63.9% in 2018.

Proportion of women of reproductive age (aged 15-49 years) who have their need for family planning satisfied with modern methods (percent)

The adolescent birth rate declined from 109.0 per 1,000 women aged 15-19 years in 2002 to 79.5 per 1,000 women aged 15-19 years in 2014.

Adolescent birth rate (births per 1,000 women aged 15-19 years)

The universal health coverage (UHC) service coverage index increased from 15.0 in 2000 to 39.0 in 2017.

Universal health coverage (UHC) index (index)

The proportion of population with health expenditures above 25% of total household expenditure or income increased from 0.2 % in 2004 to 1.4% in 2015.

Proportion of population with household expenditures on health greater than 25% of total household expenditure or income (percent)

The proportion of population with health expenditures above 10% of total household expenditure or income increased from 0.8 % in 2004 to 4.9% in 2015.

Proportion of population with household expenditures on health greater than 10% of total household expenditure or income (percent)

111

per 100,000 population

The age-standardized mortality rate attributed to household air pollution was 111.0 deaths per 100,000 population in 2016.

deaths per 1,000 population

The age-standardized mortality rate attributed to ambient air pollution was 58.0 deaths per 1,000 population in 2016.

43.7

deaths per 1,000 population

The mortality rate attributed to unsafe water, unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene was 43.7 deaths per 1,000 population in 2016.

The mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisonings fell from 5.1 deaths per 1,000 population in 2000 to 2.9 deaths per 1,000 population in 2016.

Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisonings (deaths per 100,000 population)

Age-standardized prevalence of current tobacco use among persons aged 15 years and older fell from 6.8 % in 2000 to 4.6% in 2018.

Age-standardized prevalence of current tobacco use among persons aged 15 years and older (percent)

The proportion of the target population with access to 3 doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP3) increased from 30.0 % in 2000 to 72.0% in 2018.

Proportion of the target population with access to 3 doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP3) (percent)

The proportion of the target population with access to pneumococcal conjugate 3rd dose (PCV3) was 67.0 % in 2018.

Proportion of the target population with access to pneumococcal conjugate 3rd dose (PCV3) (percent)

Net disbursement of total official development assistance received for medical research and basic heath sectors was 452.0 millions of 2018 dollars in 2018.

Net disbursement of total official development assistance received for medical research and basic heath sectors (millions of 2018 dollars)

Gross disbursements of total official development assistance received for medical research and basic heath sectors was increased from 20.3 millions of 2018 dollars in 2000 to 461.4 millions of 2018 dollars in 2018.

Gross disbursements of total official development assistance received for medical research and basic heath sectors (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

In 2018, there were about 0.8 medical doctors for every 10,000 persons in the population.

Health worker density: medical doctors (medical doctors per 10,000 population)

Quality Education

Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all

The completion rate of lower secondary education increased from 17.9 % in 2000 to 52.1% in 2016.

Completion rate of primary education (percent)

In 2015, 37.2 % of children participated in pre-primary or primary education in the year prior to the official entrance age for primary school

Participation rate in organized learning one year before the official primary entry age (percent)

3.6

The participation rate in formal and non-formal education and training was 3.6 % in 2013.

The gender parity index for participation rate in organized learning (one year before the official primary entry age) was 0.9 in 2015.

Gender parity index for participation rate in organized learning one year before the official primary entry age (ratio)

1.1

The gender parity index for primary school teachers who were trained was 1.1 in 2009 , meaning 110.0 female primary school teachers per 100 male primary school teachers were trained.

0.5

The gender parity index for participation rate in formal and non-formal education and training was 0.5 in 2013.

The adjusted rural to urban parity index for primary completion rate increased from 0.1 in 2000 to 0.5 in 2016.

Adjusted rural to urban parity index for primary completion rate (ratio)

The adjusted bottom to top wealth quintile parity index for primary completion rate 0.0 in 2000 to 0.4 in 2016.

Adjusted bottom to top wealth quintile parity index for primary completion rate (ratio)

The adjusted gender parity index for primary completion rate increased from 0.8 in 2000 to 1.0 in 2016.

Adjusted gender parity index for primary completion rate (ratio)

Total official flows received for scholarships increased from 2.3 million dollars at constant 2018 prices in 2006 to 7.1 million dollars at constant 2018 prices in 2018.

Total official flows received for scholarships (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

84.6

The proportion of primary school teachers who have received at least the minimum organized teacher training (e.g. pedagogical training) pre-service or in-service required for teaching declined from 89.7 % in 2008 to 84.6% in 2009.

Gender Equality

Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

19.8

The proportion of ever-partnered women and girls 15 to 49 years old subjected to physical and/or sexual violence by a current or former intimate partner in the previous 12 months was 19.8 % in 2016.

40.3

The proportion of women aged 20-24 years who were married or in a union before age 18 was 40.3 % in 2016.

14.1

The proportion of women aged 20-24 years who were married or in a union before age 15 was 14.1 % in 2016.

65.2

The proportion of girls and women aged 15-49 years who have undergone female genital mutilation/cutting was 65.2 % in 2016.

The proportion of seats held by women in single or lower houses of parliament increased from 2.0 % in 2000 to 38.8% in 2020.

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (percent)

26.5

In 2013, 26.5 % of managerial positions were held by women .

21.1

In 2013, 21.1 % of senior and middle managerial positions were held by women .

45.2

The proportion of women aged 15-49 years who make their own informed decisions regarding sexual relations, contraceptive use and reproductive health care was 45.2 % in 2016.

The proportion of women 15 to 49 years old who make their own informed decisions regarding sexual relations was 53.0 % in 2016.

94.4

The proportion of women 15 to 49 years old who make their own informed decisions regarding contraceptive use was 94.4 % in 2016.

84.8

The proportion of women 15 to 49 years old who make their own informed decisions regarding reproductive health care was 84.8 % in 2016.

65.3

In 2016, 65.3 % of women in the agricultural population had ownership or secure rights over agricultural land

50.9

In 2016, 50.9 % of owners or rights-bearers of agricultural land were women

Clean Water and Sanitation

Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all

In 2017, 11.4 % of the population used a safely managed drinking water service--an improved source located on premises, available when needed and free from contamination

Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services (percent)

The proportion of population with basic handwashing facilities on premises was 8.0 % in 2017.

Proportion of population with basic handwashing facilities on premises (percent)

In 2017, 22.4 % of the population practiced open defecation

Proportion of population practicing open defecation (percent)

Water Use Efficiency stood at 3.2 US dollars per cubic meter in 2014 .

Water use efficiency (dollars per cubic meter)

In 2016, Level of water stress-- freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources--stood at 32.3 % , up from 17.0 % in 2002

Freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources (percent)

The degree of integrated water resources management implementation was 31.0 % in 2018.

0.7

% of total land area

The permanent water body exent stood at 0.7 % of total land area in 2018 .

Total gross disbursements of official development assistance received for water supply and sanitation increased from 11.4 million of constant 2018 dollars in 2000 to 195.5 million of constant 2018 dollars in 2018.

Total gross disbursements of official development assistance received for water supply and sanitation (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

The level of participation by users/communities in planning programs in rural drinking-water supply (where 3 = High; 2 = Moderate; 1 = Low; and 0 = NA) stood at 3.0 points in 2019 .

Level of participation by users/communities in planning programs in rural drinking-water supply (score)

points

The level of definition in procedures in law or policy for participation by service users/communities in planning program in rural drinking-water supply (where 10 = Clearly defined; 5 = Not clearly defined ; 0 = NA) stood at 10.0 points in 2019 .

points

The level of participation by users/communities in planning programs in water resources planning and management, by level of participation (where 3 = High; 2 = Moderate; 1 = Low; and 0 = NA) stood at 3.0 points in 2019 .

points

The level of definition of legal or policy procedures for participation by service users/communities in planning program in water resources planning and management (where 10 = Clearly defined; 5 = Not clearly defined ; 0 = NA) stood at 10.0 points in 2019 .

Affordable and Clean Energy

Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all

The proportion of the population with access to electricity increased from 12.7 % in 2000 to 44.3% in 2017.

Proportion of population with access to electricity (percent)

In 2018, 5.0 % of the population relied primarily on clean fuels and technology .

The share of renewable energy in the total final energy consumption declined from 95.6 % in 2000 to 89.8% in 2017.

Renewable energy share in the total final energy consumption (percent)

The level of primary energy intensity declined from 25.1 megajoules per dollar of GDP in constant 2011 PPP in 2000 to 9.7 megajoules per dollar of GDP in constant 2011 PPP in 2017.

Energy intensity level of primary energy (megajoules per dollar of GDP in constant 2011 PPP)

International financial flows in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems, increased from 1.5 million of constant 2017 dollars in 2000 to 392.5 million of constant 2017 dollars in 2017.

International financial flows in support of clean energy research and development and renewable energy production, including in hybrid systems (millions of constant 2017 dollars)

Decent Jobs and Economic Growth

Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all

The annual growth rate of real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita increased from 3.1 % in 2000 to 4.1% in 2018.

Annual growth rate of real GDP per capita (percent)

The annual growth rate of real GDP per employed person increased from 2.2 % in 2000 to 4.0% in 2019.

Annual growth rate of real GDP per employed person (percent)

2.3

The total unemployment rate declined from 2.5 % in 2005 to 2.3% in 2013.

1.6

Among persons with disability, the unemployment rate declined from 2.5 % in 2005 to 1.6% in 2013.

10.5

The proportion of youth not in education, employment or training was 10.5 % in 2013.

In 2012, there were 0.5 ATMs per 100,000 adults .

Number of automated teller machines (ATMs) (per 100,000 adults)

In 2012, there were 2.9 commercial bank branches per 100,000 adults .

Number of commercial bank branches (per 100,000 adults)

34.8

In 2017, 34.8 % of adults had an account at a financial institution or mobile-money-service provider

Total official disbursements received in Aid for Trade increased from 492.6 millions of constant 2018 dollars in 2006 to 1700.7 millions of constant 2018 dollars in 2018.

Total official flows (disbursement) for Aid for Trade, as recipient (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

Total official commitments pledged by donors in Aid for Trade increased from 513.2 millions of constant 2018 dollars in 2005 to 2458.4 millions of constant 2018 dollars in 2018.

Total official flows (commitments) for Aid for Trade, as recipient (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation

27.2

billion tonne kilometres

Freight volume by road transport was 27.2 billion tonne kilometres in 2018.

42.6

billion passenger kilometres

Passenger volume by air transport was 42.6 billion passenger kilometres in 2018.

Manufacturing value added per capita at constant 2015 prices was increased from 9.7 dollars in 2000 to 57.8 dollars in 2019.

Manufacturing value added per capita (constant 2015 dollars)

Manufacturing value added as a proportion of GDP increased from 3.8 % in 2000 to 7.4% in 2019.

Manufacturing value added as a proportion of GDP (percent)

5.1

Manufacturing employment as a proportion of total employment was 5.1 % in 2013.

Carbon dioxide emissions from fuel combustion increased from 3.2 million tonnes in 2000 to 13.1 million tonnes in 2017.

Carbon dioxide emissions from fuel combustion (millions of tonnes)

Carbon dioxide emissions per dollar of manufacturing value added at constant prices of 2010 decreased from 1.2 kg in 2000 to 0.9 kg in 2017.

Carbon dioxide emissions per unit of manufacturing value added (kilogrammes of CO2 per constant 2010 dollars)

0.1

Carbon dioxide emissions per dollar of GDP at constant prices of 2010 were 0.1 kg in 2017.

In 2017, the share in GDP of investment in research and development (R&D) stood at 0.3 % , up from 0.2 % in 2005

Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (percent)

In 2017, the density of full-time researchers per million inhabitants was 90.5 , up from 21.1 in 2005

Researchers density (full-time researchers per million inhabitants)

Total official flows receivd for infrastructure increased from 189.3 millions of constant 2018 dollars in 2000 to 1075.2 millions of constant 2018 dollars in 2018.

Total official flows for infrastructure, as recipient (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

The share of medium and high-tech industry in total value added increased from 11.7 % in 2000 to 16.1% in 2017.

Proportion of medium and high-tech industry value added in total value added (percent)

In 2017, 97.0 % of the population were covered by at least a 2G mobile network

Proportion of population covered by at least a 2G mobile network (percent)

In 2017, 85.0 % of the population were covered by at least a 3G mobile network

Proportion of population covered by at least a 3G mobile network (percent)

In 2017, 7.0 % of the population were covered by at least a 4G mobile network

Proportion of population covered by at least a 4G mobile network (percent)

Reduced Inequalities

Reduce inequality within and among countries

The annual growth rate of household expenditure or income per capita was 0.0 % in 2015.

In 2015, 12.0 % of the population were living below half of the median income

Proportion of people living below 50 percent of median income (percent)

In 2017, 44.1 % of GDP was from labour, comprising wages and social protection transfers

Labour share of GDP (percent)

The proportion of tariff lines applied to imports with zero-tariff increased from 46.9 % in 2005 to 58.6% in 2018.

Proportion of tariff lines applied to imports with zero-tariff (percent)

Total amount received in assistance for development increased from 681.7 million dollars in 2000 to 5373.7 million dollars in 2018.

Total assistance for development, as recipient (millions of dollars)

Remittance costs were 6.3 % of the ammount remmitted in 2018.

Remittance costs as a proportion of the amount remitted (percent)

Sustainable Cities and Communities

Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

The proportion of the urban population living in slums declined from 95.5 % in 1990 to 64.3% in 2018.

Proportion of urban population living in slums (percent)

In 2016, the annual population-weighted average mean concentration of fine suspended particles of less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5) was 34.0 micrograms per cubic metre . This is above the maximum level for safety set by WHO of 10 micrograms per cubic metre.

Responsible Consumption and Production

Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns

The material footprint (amount of primary materials used) stood at 6.4 kg per unit of GDP in 2017 .

Total domestic material consumption per unit of GDP (kilograms per constant 2010 dollars)

Domestic material consumption increased from 2.1 metric tons per capita in 2000 to 3.2 metric tons per capita in 2017.

Total domestic material consumption per capita (tonnes)

Electronic waste generated per capita increased from 0.1 kg in 2000 to 0.6 kg in 2019.

Electronic waste generated, per capita (kilograms)

0.7

billion dollars

Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) were 0.7 billion dollars in 2017.

Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) per capita were 6.3 dollars in 2017.

Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) per capita (dollars)

The share of fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) in total GDP was 0.8 % in 2017.

Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) as a proportion of total GDP (percent)

Climate Action

Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.

people

In 2016, there were 15.0 people missing due to disasters.

In 2016, there were 378.0 people affected by disasters.

People affected by disaster (number)

In 2010, there were 62.0 deaths due to disasters.

Deaths due to disaster (number)

In 2016, there were 0.0 deaths and missing persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 pupulation.

Deaths and missing persons attributed to disasters (per 100,000 population)

In 2016, there were a total of 15.0 deaths and missing persons attributed to disasters.

Deaths and missing persons attributed to disasters (number)

In 2016, there were 0.4 people affected by disasters per 100,000 pupulation.

People directly affected by disasters (per 100,000 population)

In 2008, there were 24.0 people injured or ill due to disasters.

Injured or ill people attributed to disasters (number)

In 2010, there were 7.0 people with damaged dwellings due to disasters.

People with damaged dwellings attributed to disasters (numbre)

In 2012, there were 167.0 people with destroyed dwellings due to disasters.

People with destroyed dwellings attributed to disasters (number)

In 2016, there were 378.0 people with with disrupted or destroyed livelihoods due to disasters.

People with disrupted or destroyed livelihoods attributed to disasters (number)

0.8

points in 0-1 scale

The score of adoption and implementation of national disaster and risk reduction strategies was 0.8 points in 0-1 scale in 2018.

22.2

Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national DRR strategies was 22.2 % in 2018.

Life on Land

Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss

Land area covered by forest declined from 18.5 % in 2000 to 17.1% in 2020.

Forest area as a proportion of total land area (percent)

16.2

The average proportion of freshwater key biodiversity areas (KBAs) covered by protected areas was 16.2 % in 2019 .

The average proportion of terrestrial key biodiversity areas (KBAs) covered by protected areas was 18.1 % in 2019 .

Average proportion of Terrestrial Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) covered by protected areas (percent)

Above-ground biomass stock in forest was 121.3 tonnes per hectare in 2020.

Above-ground biomass stock in forest (tonnes per hectare)

thousand hectares

Forest area under an independently verified forest management certification scheme was 0.0 thousand hectares in 2019.

-0.4

The annual net change rate of forest area reached -0.4 % in 2020.

5.2

The proportion of forest area under a long-term management plan was 5.2 % in 2018.

35.3

The proportion of forest area within legally established protected areas was 35.3 % in 2018.

The proportion of land that is degraded over total land area was 29.0 % in 2015.

The average proportion of Mountain Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) covered by protected areas was 20.1 % in 2019 .

Average proportion of Mountain Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) covered by protected areas (percent)

93.2

The Mountain Green Cover Index was 93.2 in 2017.

0.8

The Red List Index was 0.8 in 2020.

Total reported number of Standard Material Transfer Agreements (SMTAs) transferring plant genetic resources for food and agriculture to the country was 1595.0 in 2019.

Total reported number of Standard Material Transfer Agreements (SMTAs) transferring plant genetic resources for food and agriculture to the country (agreements)

Total amount received in assistance for biodiversity increased from 19.7 million dollars in 2002 to 230.1 million dollars in 2018.

Total official development assistance for biodiversity, as recipient (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

Total amount received in assistance for biodiversity increased from 19.7 million dollars in 2002 to 230.1 million dollars in 2018.

Total official development assistance for biodiversity, as recipient (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

Peace and Justice - Strong Institutions

Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels

5.1

The proportion of women aged 18-29 years who experienced sexual violence by age 18 stood at 5.1 % in 2016.

26.8

The proportion of firms experiencing at least one bribe payment request was 26.8 % in 2015.

Primary government expenditures as a proportion of original approved budget increased from 91.6 % in 2007 to 98.9% in 2013.

Primary government expenditures as a proportion of original approved budget (percent)

2.7

In 2016, there were about 2.7 % of children under age 5 whose births were registered with a civil authority

Partnerships for the Goals

Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development

The total government revenue as a proportion of GDP declined from 16.0 % in 2001 to 10.2% in 2018.

Total government revenue (budgetary central government) as a proportion of GDP (percent)

Relative to GDP, the domestic budget funded by domestic taxes increased from 40.1 % in 2001 to 52.9% in 2018.

Domestic budget funded by domestic taxes as a proportion of GDP (percent)

Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows increased from 12.0 million dollars in 1990 to 3310.3 million dollars in 2018.

Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows (millions of dollars)

In 2018, the inflow of personal remittances was 0.5 % of GDP , 0.0 % in 1990

Remittances in dollars as a proportion of total GDP (percent)

Debt service as a proportion of exports of goods and services declined from 37.6 % in 1990 to 20.6% in 2017.

Debt service as a proportion of exports of goods and services (percent)

Fixed-broadband internet penetration reached 0.1 per 100 inhabitants in 2017.

Fixed Internet broadband subscriptions (per 100 inhabitants)

The number of Internet users per 100 inhabitants 0.0 in 2000 to 18.6 in 2017.

Internet users (per 100 inhabitants)

The total gross disbursement of official development assistance for technical cooperation in constant prices of 2018 increased from 106.4 million dollars in 2000 to 540.7 million dollars in 2018.

Total official development assistance (gross disbursement) for technical cooperation (millions of 2018 dollars)

The worldwide weighted tariff-average for countries with most-favoured-nation status was 11.5 % in 2018.

Worldwide weighted tariff-average, most-favoured-nation status (percent)

The worldwide weighted tariff-average for countries with preferential status was 11.4 % in 2018.

Worldwide weighted tariff-average, preferential status (percent)

The average most-favored nation status tariff applied by developed countries increased from 2.0 % in 2000 to 2.4% in 2018.

Average tariff applied by developed countries, most-favored nation status (percent)

The average preferential status tariff applied by developed countries was 0.0 % in 2018.

Average tariff applied by developed countries, preferential status (percent)

1.9

million dollars

The value of all resources made available to strengthen statistical capacity in developing countries was 1.9 million dollars in 2017.