SDG Country Profiles

Population and migration

Population (mid-year estimates)	126.86	Millions (2019)
Share of population 65 years of age an over	34.01	Percent (2019)
Share of population under 15 years of age	12.57	Percent (2019)
Share of urban population	91.7	Percent (2019)
Life expectancy at birth	83.32	Years (2015)
Population growth	-0.09	Percent (2015)
Total fertility rate	1.41	Children per woman (2015)
International migrant stock as percent of total population	1.82	Percent (2017)
Number of refugees and people in refugee-like situations	1,972	(2018)
Number of asylum seekers, including pending cases	31,736	(2018)

National accounts and labour market

GDP in current prices	4,872,415.1	Millions of US dollars (2017)
GDP per capita	38,219.68	US dollars (2017)
Labour force participation rate	60.6	Percent (2019)
Share of agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing in total gross value added	1.12	Percent (2017)
Share of industry in total gross value added	28.11	Percent (2017)
Share of services in total gross value added	70.77	Percent (2017)
Tourism expenditure	36,979	Millions of US dollars (2017)
Unemployment rate	2.38	Percent (2019)
GDP real growth rate	1.73	Percent (2017)

Trade and balance of payments

Balance of Payments: Capital account	-1,941.82	Millions of US dollars (2018)
Balance of Payments: Current account	174,718.68	Millions of US dollars (2018)
Balance of Payments: Financial account	181,852.05	Millions of US dollars (2018)
Balance of trade	-20,170.19	Millions of US dollars (2018)
Exports FOB	739,755.09	Millions of US dollars (2018)
Imports CIF	759,925.28	Millions of US dollars (2018)
Net energy imports	16,291	Petajoules (2016)
Share of exports to top export partner	19.35	Percent (2018)
Share of imports to top import partner	24.5	Percent (2018)

Environment

Surface area	377.93	km2 (2007)
Land area	36,456	Hectares (2016)
Arable land as percent of total land area	11.48	Percent (2016)
Permanent crops as percent of total land area	0.79	Percent (2016)
Forest cover as percent of total land area	68.46	Percent (2016)

1No Poverty
2Zero Hunger
3Good Health and Well-being
4Quality Education
5Gender Equality
6Clean Water and Sanitation
7Affordable and Clean Energy
8Decent Jobs and Economic Growth
9Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
10Reduced Inequalities
11Sustainable Cities and Communities
12Responsible Consumption and Production
13Climate Action
14Life Below Water
15Life on Land
16Peace and Justice - Strong Institutions
17Partnerships for the Goals

No Poverty

End poverty in all its forms everywhere

The proportion of the population living below the extreme poverty line was 1.0 % in 2013.

Proportion of population below the international poverty line (percent)

85.4

The proportion of children/households receiving child/family cash benefit was 85.4 % in 2019.

In 2014, 20.0 % of the country's unemployed persons were receiving unemployment cash benefit

Proportion of unemployed persons receiving unemployment cash benefit (percent)

21.3

The proportion of vulnerable population receiving social assistance cash benefit was 21.3 % in 2019.

83.6

The proportion of employed population covered in the event of work injury was 83.6 % in 2007.

The proportion of population covered by at least one social protection benefit was 76.0 % in 2019.

In 2019, 56.1 % of the country's population with severe disabilities were receiving disability cash benefit

Proportion of population with severe disabilities receiving disability cash benefit (percent)

The proportion of population above statutory pensionable age receiving a pension increased from 74.0 % in 2000 to 100.0% in 2018.

Proportion of population above statutory pensionable age receiving a pension (percent)

The proportion of population using basic drinking water services was 99.0 % in 2017.

Proportion of population using basic drinking water services (percent)

The proportion of population using basic sanitation services was 99.9 % in 2017.

Proportion of population using basic sanitation services (percent)

The direct economic loss attributed to disasters relative to GDP was 0 % in 2018.

The direct economic loss in the housing sector attributed to disasters was 257.0 million dollars in 2018.

Direct economic loss in the housing sector attributed to disasters (million dollars)

The direct economic loss resulting from damaged or destroyed critical infrastructure due to disasters was 143.2 million dollars in 2018.

Direct economic loss resulting from damaged or destroyed critical infrastructure attributed to disasters (million dollars)

The proportion of total government spending on essential education services was 8.4 % in 2016.

Proportion of total government spending on essential services, education (percent)

Zero Hunger

End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture

The proportion of the population suffering from hunger was 2.5 % in 2018 .

Prevalence of undernourishment (percent)

3.5

million

The number of undernourished people was 3.5 million in 2010.

The proportion of the adult population suffering from moderate or severe food insecurity was 3.1 % in 2018.

Prevalence of moderate or severe food insecurity in the adult population (percent)

The total population suffering from moderate or severe food insecurity was 3989.7 thousand people in 2018.

Total population in moderate or severe food insecurity (thousands)

The proportion of the adult population suffering from severe food insecurity was 0.7 % in 2018.

Prevalence of severe food insecurity in the adult population (percent)

The total population suffering from severe food insecurity was 899.0 thousand people in 2018.

Total population in severe food insecurity (thousands)

7.1

In 2010, 7.1 % of children under 5 years of age had stunted growth

394.3

thousand children moderately or severely stunted

In 2010, there were 394.3 thousand children moderately or severely stunted .

2.3

The proportion of children under 5 years of age who where moderately or severely wasted was 2.3 % in 2010.

127.7

thousand children moderately or severely wasted

In 2010, there were 127.7 thousand children moderately or severely wasted .

1.5

The proportion of overweight children under 5 years of age was 1.5 % in 2010.

83.3

thousand children moderately or severely overweight

In 2010, there were 83.3 thousand children moderately or severely overweight .

local breeds

In 2019, there were 0.0 local breeds with sufficient genetic resources stored for reconstitution.

In 2019, there were 224353.0 plant breeds with sufficient genetic resources stored.

Plant breeds for which sufficient genetic resources are stored (breeds)

0.4

The indicator of Food Price Anomalies (IFPA) for rice was 0.4 in 2017.

-0.5

The Consumer Food Price Index was -0.5 in 2017.

Good Health and Well-being

Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages

The maternal mortality ratio decreased from 9.0 per 100,000 live births in 2000 to 5.0 per 100,000 live births in 2017.

Maternal mortality ratio (deaths per 100,000 live births)

The number of infant deaths fell from 3835.0 in 2000 to 1734.0 in 2018.

Infant deaths (number)

The mortality rate of children under 5 years of age fell from 4.5 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000 to 2.5 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2018.

Under-five mortality rate (deaths per 1,000 live births)

The infant mortality rate fell from 3.3 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000 to 1.8 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2018.

Infant mortality rate (deaths per 1,000 live births)

The number of under-five deaths fell from 5295.0 in 2000 to 2424.0 in 2018.

Under-five deaths (number)

The number of neonatal deaths fell from 2057.0 in 2000 to 807.0 in 2018.

Neonatal deaths (number)

The neonatal mortality rate fell from 1.8 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000 to 0.9 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2018.

Neonatal mortality rate (deaths per 1,000 live births)

people

In 2018, there were about 0.0 people in every 100,000 uninfected population that became newly infected with HIV.

In 2018, the incidence of tuberculosis was 14.0 per 100,000 population .

Tuberculosis incidence (cases per 100,000 population)

The prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was 2.0 % in 2015.

The number of people requiring interventions against neglected tropical diseases was 5.0 in 2018.

People requiring interventions against neglected tropical diseases (number)

The risk of dying between the ages of 30 and 70 from one of four main non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory disease) declined from 11.4 % in 2000 to 8.4% in 2016.

Mortality rate attributed to cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory disease among population 30 to 70 years old (probability)

In 2016, the number of deaths attributed to cardiovascular disease was 358702.0 .

Deaths attributed to cardiovascular disease (number)

The suicide mortality rate fell from 24.7 deaths per 1,000 population in 2000 to 18.5 deaths per 1,000 population in 2016.

Suicide mortality rate (deaths per 100,000 population)

In 2016, the number of deaths attributed to suicide was 23684.0 .

Deaths attributed to suicide (number)

3.4

The 12-month prevalence of alcohol use disorders was 3.4 % in 2016.

Alcohol consumption per captita among population aged 15 years and older was 8.0 litres of pure alcohol in 2018.

Annual alcohol consumption per capita among population aged 15 years and older (litres of pure alcohol)

The death rate due to road traffic injuries fell from 12.5 deaths per 100,000 population in 2000 to 4.1 deaths per 100,000 population in 2016.

Death rate due to road traffic injuries (deaths per 100,000 population)

The adolescent birth rate declined from 5.4 per 1,000 women aged 15-19 years in 2000 to 3.4 per 1,000 women aged 15-19 years in 2017.

Adolescent birth rate (births per 1,000 women aged 15-19 years)

The universal health coverage (UHC) service coverage index increased from 67.0 in 2000 to 83.0 in 2017.

Universal health coverage (UHC) index (index)

The proportion of population with health expenditures above 25% of total household expenditure or income declined from 1.0 % in 2009 to 0.6% in 2015.

Proportion of population with household expenditures on health greater than 25% of total household expenditure or income (percent)

The proportion of population with health expenditures above 10% of total household expenditure or income was 4.4 % in 2015.

Proportion of population with household expenditures on health greater than 10% of total household expenditure or income (percent)

deaths per 1,000 population

The age-standardized mortality rate attributed to ambient air pollution was 12.0 deaths per 1,000 population in 2016.

0.2

deaths per 1,000 population

The mortality rate attributed to unsafe water, unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene was 0.2 deaths per 1,000 population in 2016.

The mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisonings was 0.4 deaths per 1,000 population in 2016.

Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisonings (deaths per 100,000 population)

Age-standardized prevalence of current tobacco use among persons aged 15 years and older fell from 33.3 % in 2000 to 21.9% in 2018.

Age-standardized prevalence of current tobacco use among persons aged 15 years and older (percent)

The proportion of the target population with access to 3 doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP3) increased from 85.0 % in 2000 to 99.0% in 2018.

Proportion of the target population with access to 3 doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP3) (percent)

The proportion of the target population with access to measles-containing-vaccine second-dose (MCV2) increased from 78.0 % in 2008 to 93.0% in 2018.

Proportion of the target population with access to measles-containing-vaccine second-dose (MCV2) (percent)

The proportion of the target population with access to pneumococcal conjugate 3rd dose (PCV3) was 98.0 % in 2018.

Proportion of the target population with access to pneumococcal conjugate 3rd dose (PCV3) (percent)

The proportion of the target population with access to affordable medicines and vaccines on a sustainable basis, human papillomavirus (HPV) was 0.3 % in 2018.

Proportion of the target population with access to affordable medicines and vaccines on a sustainable basis, human papillomavirus (HPV) (percent)

In 2016, there were about 24.1 medical doctors for every 10,000 persons in the population.

Health worker density: medical doctors (medical doctors per 10,000 population)

Quality Education

Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all

41.8

The participation rate in formal and non-formal education and training was 41.8 % in 2012.

0.5

In 2018, 0.5 % of youth and adults were able to write a computer program using a specialized programming language

0.7

The gender parity index for participation rate in formal and non-formal education and training was 0.7 in 2012.

Gender Equality

Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

The proportion of time spent by women 15 years old and over on unpaid care work increased from 1.9 % in 2001 to 2.2% in 2016.

Proportion of time spent by women 15 years old and over on unpaid care work (percent)

The proportion of time spent by women 15 years old and over on unpaid domestic chores declined from 13.7 % in 2001 to 12.9% in 2016.

Proportion of time spent by women 15 years old and over on unpaid domestic chores (percent)

The proportion of time spent by women 15 to 24 years old on unpaid domestic chores and care work was 15.1 % in 2016.

Proportion of time spent by women 15 years old and over on unpaid domestic chores and care work (percent)

The proportion of seats held by women in single or lower houses of parliament increased from 4.6 % in 2000 to 9.9% in 2020.

Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (percent)

12.9

The proportion of seats held by women in deliberative bodies of local government was 12.9 % in 2017.

In 2018, 14.9 % of managerial positions were held by women .

Proportion of women in managerial positions (percent)

The extent to which country laws and regulations guarantee full and equal access to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education to women and men aged 15 years and older stood at 83.0 % in 2019 .

The extent to which country laws and regulations guarantee full and equal access to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education on maternity care to women and men aged 15 years and older stood at 46.0 % in 2019 .

100

The extent to which country laws and regulations guarantee full and equal access to contraceptive and family planning to women and men aged 15 years and older stood at 100.0 % in 2019 .

100

The extent to which country laws and regulations guarantee full and equal access to sexuality education to women and men aged 15 years and older stood at 100.0 % in 2019 .

100

The extent to which country laws and regulations guarantee full and equal access to sexual and reproductive health care, information and education on HIV and HPV to women and men aged 15 years and older stood at 100.0 % in 2019 .

The proportion of women who own a mobile telephone was 87.6 % in 2018.

Proportion of women who own a mobile telephone (percent)

Clean Water and Sanitation

Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all

In 2017, 98.5 % of the population used a safely managed drinking water service--an improved source located on premises, available when needed and free from contamination

Proportion of population using safely managed drinking water services (percent)

In 2017, 98.8 % of the population used a "safely managed" sanitation service--a basic facility that safely disposes of human waste

Proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services (percent)

In 2017, 0.0 % of the population practiced open defecation

97.9

The proportion of safely treated domestic wastewater flows was 97.9 % in 2018.

The proportion of open water bodies with good ambient water quality was 75.0 % in 2017.

The proportion of river water bodies with good ambient water quality was 30.0 % in 2017.

The proportion of groundwater bodies with good ambient water quality was 0.0 % in 2017.

37.5

The proportion of bodies of water with good ambient water quality was 37.5 % in 2017.

Water Use Efficiency stood at 53.8 US dollars per cubic meter in 2016 .

Water use efficiency (dollars per cubic meter)

In 2017, Level of water stress-- freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources--stood at 37.3 % , a decline from 41.6 % in 2000

Freshwater withdrawal as a proportion of available freshwater resources (percent)

The degree of integrated water resources management implementation was 94.0 % in 2018.

2.2

% of total land area

The permanent water body exent stood at 2.2 % of total land area in 2018 .

In 2017, The nationally-derived quality of groundwater stood at 0.0 % .

In 2017, The nationally-derived quality of open water bodies stood at 75.0 % .

In 2017, The nationally-derived quality of rivers stood at 30.0 % .

37.5

The nationally-derived proportion of water bodies with good quality was 37.5 % in 2017.

Affordable and Clean Energy

Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all

100

The proportion of the population with access to electricity was 100.0 % in 2017.

In 2018, 95.0 % of the population relied primarily on clean fuels and technology .

The share of renewable energy in the total final energy consumption increased from 3.8 % in 2000 to 6.9% in 2017.

Renewable energy share in the total final energy consumption (percent)

The level of primary energy intensity declined from 5.1 megajoules per dollar of GDP in constant 2011 PPP in 2000 to 3.7 megajoules per dollar of GDP in constant 2011 PPP in 2017.

Energy intensity level of primary energy (megajoules per dollar of GDP in constant 2011 PPP)

Decent Jobs and Economic Growth

Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all

The annual growth rate of real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita declined from 2.6 % in 2000 to 1.0% in 2018.

Annual growth rate of real GDP per capita (percent)

The annual growth rate of real GDP per employed person declined from 3.1 % in 2000 to 1.2% in 2019.

Annual growth rate of real GDP per employed person (percent)

The total unemployment rate declined from 4.7 % in 2000 to 2.4% in 2018.

Unemployment rate (percent)

The proportion of youth not in education, employment or training declined from 4.4 % in 2009 to 2.9% in 2018.

Proportion of people 15-24 year old not in education, employment or training (percent)

per 100,000 employees

In 2018, the number of fatal occupational injuries among employees 2.0 per 100,000 employees .

The number of non-fatal occupational injuries among employees was 230.0 per 100,000 employees in 2018.

Non-fatal occupational injuries among employees (per 100,000 employees)

1.1

In 2017, the level of national compliance with labour rights (freedom of association and collective bargaining) based on International Labour Organization (ILO) textual sources and national legislation stood at 1.1 .

The direct contribution of tourism to total GDP increased from 1.9 % in 2008 to 2.0% in 2017.

Tourism direct GDP as a proportion of total GDP (percent)

In 2018, there were 127.4 ATMs per 100,000 adults .

Number of automated teller machines (ATMs) (per 100,000 adults)

In 2018, there were 34.0 commercial bank branches per 100,000 adults .

Number of commercial bank branches (per 100,000 adults)

In 2017, 98.2 % of adults had an account at a financial institution or mobile-money-service provider

Proportion of people 15 years and older with an account at a financial institution or mobile-money-service provider (percent)

Total official commitments for Aid for Trade increased from 4560.0 millions of constant 2018 dollars in 2005 to 12512.4 millions of constant 2018 dollars in 2018.

Total official flows (commitments) for Aid for Trade, as donor (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

Total official disbursements of Aid for Trade increased from 3412.4 millions of constant 2018 dollars in 2006 to 7354.5 millions of constant 2018 dollars in 2018.

Total official flows (disbursement) for Aid for Trade, as donor (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation

211

billion tonne kilometres

Freight volume by road transport was 211.0 billion tonne kilometres in 2018.

197.8

billion passenger kilometres

Passenger volume by air transport was 197.8 billion passenger kilometres in 2018.

Container port traffic (maritime transport) reached 22.4 million TEUs (twenty-foot equivalent units) in 2018.

Container port traffic, maritime transport (million TEUs (twenty-foot equivalent units))

Manufacturing value added per capita at constant 2015 prices was increased from 5896.4 dollars in 2000 to 7644.8 dollars in 2019.

Manufacturing value added per capita (constant 2015 dollars)

Manufacturing value added as a proportion of GDP increased from 19.2 % in 2000 to 21.1% in 2019.

Manufacturing value added as a proportion of GDP (percent)

Manufacturing employment as a proportion of total employment declined from 20.5 % in 2000 to 16.3% in 2018.

Manufacturing employment as a proportion of total employment (percent)

The share of small-scale industries in total industry value added declined from 11.2 % in 2001 to 10.0% in 2015.

Proportion of small-scale industries in total industry value added (percent)

Carbon dioxide emissions from fuel combustion reached 1132.4 million tonnes in 2017.

Carbon dioxide emissions from fuel combustion (millions of tonnes)

Carbon dioxide emissions per dollar of manufacturing value added at constant prices of 2010 decreased from 0.3 kg in 2000 to 0.2 kg in 2017.

Carbon dioxide emissions per unit of manufacturing value added (kilogrammes of CO2 per constant 2010 dollars)

Carbon dioxide emissions per dollar of GDP at constant prices of 2010 decreased from 0.3 kg in 2000 to 0.2 kg in 2017.

Carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP (kilogrammes of CO2 per constant 2010 dollars)

In 2017, the share in GDP of investment in research and development (R&D) stood at 3.2 % , up from 2.9 % in 2000

Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP (percent)

In 2017, the density of full-time researchers per million inhabitants was 5304.1 .

Researchers density (full-time researchers per million inhabitants)

The share of medium and high-tech industry in total value added increased from 52.0 % in 2000 to 56.8% in 2017.

Proportion of medium and high-tech industry value added in total value added (percent)

In 2018, 99.9 % of the population were covered by at least a 2G mobile network

Proportion of population covered by at least a 2G mobile network (percent)

99.9

In 2018, 99.9 % of the population were covered by at least a 3G mobile network

In 2017, 99.0 % of the population were covered by at least a 4G mobile network

Proportion of population covered by at least a 4G mobile network (percent)

Reduced Inequalities

Reduce inequality within and among countries

In 2013, 9.0 % of the population were living below half of the median income

Proportion of people living below 50 percent of median income (percent)

In 2017, 54.2 % of GDP was from labour, comprising wages and social protection transfers

Labour share of GDP (percent)

The proportion of tariff lines applied to imports with zero-tariff increased from 28.7 % in 2005 to 45.4% in 2018.

Proportion of tariff lines applied to imports with zero-tariff (percent)

Total assistance granted for development increased from 7597.3 million dollars in 2000 to 48939.2 million dollars in 2018.

Total assistance for development, as donor (millions of dollars)

Sustainable Cities and Communities

Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

In 2016, the annual population-weighted average mean concentration of fine suspended particles of less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5) was 11.8 micrograms per cubic metre . This is above the maximum level for safety set by WHO of 10 micrograms per cubic metre.

Responsible Consumption and Production

Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns

The material footprint (amount of primary materials used) stood at 0.2 kg per unit of GDP in 2017 .

Total domestic material consumption per unit of GDP (kilograms per constant 2010 dollars)

Domestic material consumption decreased from 12.4 metric tons per capita in 2000 to 9.0 metric tons per capita in 2017.

Total domestic material consumption per capita (tonnes)

Electronic waste generated per capita increased from 12.4 kg in 2000 to 20.4 kg in 2019.

Electronic waste generated, per capita (kilograms)

22.3

The rate of electronic waste recycling was 22.3 % in 2017.

In 2019 , electronic waste recycling per capita reached 4.5 % .

Electronic waste recycling, per capita (kilograms)

22.3

The rate of electronic waste recycling was 22.3 % in 2017.

In 2019 , electronic waste recycling per capita reached 4.5 % .

Electronic waste recycling, per capita (kilograms)

Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) were 0.6 billion dollars in 2017.

Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production (billions of dollars)

Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) per capita were 4.6 dollars in 2017.

Fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) per capita (dollars)

The share of fossil-fuel pre-tax subsidies (consumption and production) in total GDP was 0.0 % in 2017.

Climate Action

Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.

In 2018, there were 8.0 people missing due to disasters.

Missing persons due to disaster (number)

In 2018, there were 446061.0 people affected by disasters.

People affected by disaster (number)

In 2018, there were 444.0 deaths due to disasters.

Deaths due to disaster (number)

In 2018, there were 0.4 deaths and missing persons attributed to disasters per 100,000 pupulation.

Deaths and missing persons attributed to disasters (per 100,000 population)

In 2018, there were a total of 452.0 deaths and missing persons attributed to disasters.

Deaths and missing persons attributed to disasters (number)

In 2018, there were 350.7 people affected by disasters per 100,000 pupulation.

People directly affected by disasters (per 100,000 population)

In 2018, there were 4573.0 people injured or ill due to disasters.

Injured or ill people attributed to disasters (number)

In 2018, there were 423179.0 people with damaged dwellings due to disasters.

People with damaged dwellings attributed to disasters (numbre)

In 2018, there were 18309.0 people with destroyed dwellings due to disasters.

People with destroyed dwellings attributed to disasters (number)

points in 0-1 scale

The score of adoption and implementation of national disaster and risk reduction strategies was 1.0 points in 0-1 scale in 2018.

100

Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster risk reduction strategies in line with national DRR strategies was 100.0 % in 2018.

Life Below Water

Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development

94.3

thousand square km

The extension of protected marine area was 94.3 thousand square km in 2018.

2.3

In 2018, 2.3 % of the marine environment under national jurisdiction (up to 200 nautical miles from shore) was under protection .

The average proportion of Marine Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) covered by protected areas increased from 48.9 % in 2000 to 64.8% in 2019.

Average proportion of Marine Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) covered by protected areas (percent)

The share of national ocean science expenditure in total research and development fundings was 0.3 % in 2017.

National ocean science expenditure as a share of total research and development funding (percent)

Life on Land

Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss

The proportion of land area covered by forest was 68.4 % in 2020.

Forest area as a proportion of total land area (percent)

The average proportion of freshwater key biodiversity areas (KBAs) covered by protected areas was 62.9 % in 2019 .

Average proportion of Freshwater Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) covered by protected areas (percent)

The average proportion of terrestrial key biodiversity areas (KBAs) covered by protected areas was 64.8 % in 2019 .

Average proportion of Terrestrial Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) covered by protected areas (percent)

Above-ground biomass stock in forest increased from 89.0 tonnes per hectare in 2000 to 113.0 tonnes per hectare in 2020.

Above-ground biomass stock in forest (tonnes per hectare)

Forest area under an independently verified forest management certification scheme 0.0 million hectares in 2000 to 2.3 million hectares in 2018.

Forest area under an independently verified forest management certification scheme (million hectares)

The annual net change rate of forest area reached -0.0 % in 2020.

The proportion of forest area under a long-term management plan was 100.0 % in 2020.

Proportion of forest area under a long-term management plan (percent)

The proportion of forest area within legally established protected areas was 18.2 % in 2017.

Proportion of forest area within legally established protected areas (percent)

The average proportion of Mountain Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) covered by protected areas was 66.9 % in 2019 .

Average proportion of Mountain Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) covered by protected areas (percent)

97.1

The Mountain Green Cover Index was 97.1 in 2017.

0.8

The Red List Index was 0.8 in 2020.

Total reported number of Standard Material Transfer Agreements (SMTAs) transferring plant genetic resources for food and agriculture to the country was 960.0 in 2019.

Total reported number of Standard Material Transfer Agreements (SMTAs) transferring plant genetic resources for food and agriculture to the country (agreements)

Total assistance granted for biodiversity declined from 595.9 million dollars in 2002 to 282.7 million dollars in 2018.

Total official development assistance for biodiversity, as donor (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

Total assistance granted for biodiversity declined from 595.9 million dollars in 2002 to 282.7 million dollars in 2018.

Total official development assistance for biodiversity, as donor (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

Peace and Justice - Strong Institutions

Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels

In 2016, 50.0 people were detected victims of human trafficking .

Number of detected victims of human trafficking (persons)

In 2018, 11.3 % of the overall prison population were unsentenced detainees .

Unsentenced detainees as a proportion of overall prison population (percent)

100

In 2013, there were about 100.0 % of children under age 5 whose births were registered with a civil authority

Partnerships for the Goals

Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development

The total government revenue as a proportion of GDP increased from 30.5 % in 2000 to 36.2% in 2018.

Total government revenue (budgetary central government) as a proportion of GDP (percent)

Relative to GDP, the domestic budget funded by domestic taxes increased from 46.5 % in 2000 to 50.3% in 2018.

Domestic budget funded by domestic taxes as a proportion of GDP (percent)

As a percentage of Gross National Income, the amount of net official development assistance (ODA) granted to small island states (SIDS) reached 0.0 % in 2018.

As a percentage of Gross National Income, the amount of net official development assistance (ODA) granted to least developed countries (LDCs) reached 0.1 % in 2018.

Net official development assistance (ODA) to least developed countries (LDCs) as a percentage of GNI (percent)

At constant 2018 prices, net official development assistance (ODA) granted to landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) increased from 1544.4 million dollars in 2000 to 2302.4 million dollars in 2018.

Net official development assistance (ODA) to landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

At constant 2018 prices, net official development assistance (ODA) granted landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) increased from 341.7 million dollars in 2000 to 514.1 million dollars in 2018.

Net official development assistance (ODA) to small island states (SIDS) (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

At constant 2018 prices, net official development assistance (ODA) granted landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) increased from 2350.0 million dollars in 2000 to 5369.9 million dollars in 2018.

Net official development assistance (ODA) to least developed countires (LDCs) (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

As a percentage of Gross National Income, the amount of net official development assistance (ODA) granted to landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) reached 0.0 % in 2018.

As a percentage of Gross National Income, the amount of net official development assistance (ODA) declined from 0.3 % in 2000 to 0.2% in 2017.

Net official development assistance (ODA) as a percentage of GNI (percent)

At constant 2018 prices, net official development assistance (ODA) was 11427.1 million dollars in 2019.

Net official development assistance (ODA) (millions of constant 2018 dollars)

Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows increased from 1806.0 million dollars in 1990 to 9857.6 million dollars in 2018.

Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows (millions of dollars)

In 2018, the inflow of personal remittances was 0.1 % of GDP .

Remittances in dollars as a proportion of total GDP (percent)

Fixed-broadband internet penetration reached increased from 0.7 per 100 inhabitants in 2000 to 32.6 per 100 inhabitants in 2018.

Fixed Internet broadband subscriptions (per 100 inhabitants)

The number of Internet users per 100 inhabitants increased from 30.0 in 2000 to 91.3 in 2018.

Internet users (per 100 inhabitants)

The worldwide weighted tariff-average for countries with most-favoured-nation status declined from 3.0 % in 2005 to 2.4% in 2018.

Worldwide weighted tariff-average, most-favoured-nation status (percent)

The worldwide weighted tariff-average for countries with preferential status declined from 2.7 % in 2005 to 1.9% in 2018.